include entertainment and/or food service establishments. office, retail and probably residential components. This Hotels present a unique group of challenges to the might naturally lead one to presume that we must consid- plumbing engineer. These considerations include large er many different aspects of the anticipated occupants, to quantities of hot water required at various times of day, provide all of the services required by these different enti- due to a high percentage of simultaneous users. The hot ties. water presents other considerations not present in an office building. There will usually be many more water High-rise buildings are all about the pressure risers, which will necessitate extra consideration of hot Water has a personal rule that it holds dear: water seeks water recirculation requirements and the need for proper its own level. If we want it to do something contrary to tests and balancing equipment and procedures. this tendency, we will have to exert some pressure to the Hotels also often contain large food service facilities. water, or let gravity work for us. See Figure 1. These facilities require high quantities of hot water but Gravity tends to support this rule. Gravity sometimes also large grease interceptors, laundry facilities, swim- works against us, but can also be used for our own pur- ming pools, and other special needs. They may also con-
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tain large parking facilities. These facilities require oil Figure 2 separators, and other concerns. Residential high-rise buildings are somewhat similar to high-rise hotels, but there are some significant differences. One of the most significant differences is in the hot water usage profiles. Both types of occupancies have large peak hot water demands, but they are still very different. We will discuss these load profiles in more detail under the hot water section. Mixed use structures are basically self-evident from their name. They consist of a variety of occupants. A mixed occupancy building usually will include some
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Plumbing Engineer October 2013/Page 57
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